SLM Additive Manufacturing of Porous Biological Titanium Alloy Implant Materials: Optimized Combination of Mechanics, Physics and Topology _ Structure

Original Title: SLM Additive Manufacturing of Porous Bio-Titanium Alloy Implant Materials: An Optimized Combination of Mechanical, Physical and Topological The technology of orthopedic implants is in the process of continuous improvement, which is used to continuously improve the interaction with the surrounding bone tissue, and its purpose is to ensure a better implant effect for patients. A successful biological response between the implant and the surrounding bone is largely dependent on the combined results of mechanical property, physical and topological properties. Therefore, the Ti6Al4V microporous structure is the most effective solution to solve and improve the traditional orthopedic implants. This paper introduces a series of solutions to improve the design of microporous Ti6Al4V structures fabricated by SLM. The elastic modulus of the prepared microporous structure was evaluated by three-point bending. The results of the topography analysis are used to evaluate the difference between the CAD design dimensions and the actual manufacturing dimensions of the SLM. Finite element analysis (adjusted CAD) uses experimentally derived dimensional data to accurately replicate the properties of SLM-fabricated structures. A linear regression equation associated with the measured SLM dimensions as a function of the established CAD model of the design. This regression equation is obtained by measuring the relationship between the actual porosity and the designed CAD dimensions. The measured data can be further used as a reference for FE analysis and design, thereby further helping engineering designers to fabricate near-net-shape SLM-fabricated microporous Ti6Al4V structures. In addition, the polished and sandblasted Ti6Al4V microporous structured surface can obtain suitable properties compared to the as-fabricated surface obtained, both in terms of surface roughness and wettability. Capillary tests show that all the analyzed Ti6Al4V microporous structures can transport liquid along their surface structures. The cell viability test structure showed that the Ti6Al4V microporous structure fabricated by SLM did not release toxic substances. This suggests that this structure may ensure a suitable environment for cell proliferation and attachment. This research result also suggests a design strategy for the microporous structure of Ti6Al4V. That is to say, it not only has the appropriate mechanical property, but also has the appropriate porosity, roughness, wettability,Titanium welding pipe, capillary action and cell survival rate, which are closely related to the performance of orthopaedic implants. Finally, a prototype hip implant with Ti6Al4V microporous structure was fabricated by SLM technology, and the appropriate characteristics of the implant were also obtained during SLM fabrication. Schematic drawing from CAD to finished product when manufacturing with SLM technology Research results: The linear regression equation between the physical sample manufactured by SLM and the size of CAD structure is proposed. The Ti6Al4V microporous structure with a porosity of about 65% has a suitable elastic modulus. The cell viability test proves that the SLM structure does not release toxic substances. The surface of the sample after polishing and sandblasting has super-hydrophilicity; The prototype of Ti6Al4V microporous hip implant was fabricated by SLM technology. SLM technology is a high-performance metal additive manufacturing technology, which selectively melts metal powder,titanium sheet grade 5, melts it one by one, and accumulates it layer by layer according to the designed CAD model, so as to obtain metal products. SLM technology has the advantage of a high degree of design freedom. Using SLM technology, engineering designers can design products with complex shapes and personalized features, such as porous structures. This is impossible or difficult to achieve by traditional casting and forging processes. Mechanical system for three-point bending tests on SLM-fabricated samples Expand the full text There is a broad market for SLM to manufacture porous metals, because porous materials are particularly suitable for applications in the biological field, especially as orthopaedic implants. For example, the microporous structure of Ti6Al4V has multifunctional characteristics, and the modulation of mechanical property, ti6al4v eli ,Titanium welding pipe, physical properties and biological properties can be realized on one component. The accuracy of porous materials made by SLM is a big challenge, which is caused by the difference between the CAD design size and the SLM printing size of the technology itself. This difference in shape and size is detectable by the system. In this regard, predictive software or on-line monitoring techniques are required to detect the difference between the two in order to achieve the desired porous structure, i.e., both physical and mechanical property need to be met. The finite element simulation technique, in balance with experimental studies, can be used as an engineering tool to predict and correct for inherent deviations in SLM manufacturing. Meshing of FE Simulation of SP1 Node The successful biological response of the implant and bone depends on the mechanical property, the topologically optimized structure, and the physical and chemical properties of the implant. Ti6Al4V is widely used in orthopedic surgery because of its high specific strength, good biocompatibility, good corrosion resistance and low elastic modulus compared with stainless steel and Co-based alloys. However, the elastic modulus of Ti6Al4V (approximately 110 GPa) is still high compared to human cortical bone (10-30 GPa). This results in a stiffness mismatch between the implant material and the surrounding bone, resulting in a stress distribution that is not sufficiently uniform at the interface. Bone resorption around the implant is not detected until a certain critical point, generally 10-20 years after the implant surgery, when revision surgery is required. Here, the Ti6Al4V structural material does not match the elastic modulus of bone, and its elastic modulus matching can reduce and avoid the problem of stiffness mismatch with bone. SEM photos of microporous structure of SP1, SP3 and SP5 titanium alloy Topology optimization of implant materials directly affects the biological effects of bone. Moderate surface roughness (Ra = 2-4 ?m) has been shown in clinical practice to result in early healing, promoting cell spreading and tissue fusion. At the same time, it has also been reported that it can promote the differentiation of bone cells, reduce the cells that destroy bone growth, and promote the growth and mineralization of bone. The comparison between the size designed by CAD and the size actually printed by SLM under the same scale The surface energy of the implant is another important surface characteristic, which also plays an important role in the integration of the implant and bone. This characteristic is usually indirectly measured by the solid-liquid contact angle (wetting angle). At the same time, related studies have found that hydrophilic surface is more conducive to cell adhesion, cell differentiation and cell mineralization. Capillarity is the ability of a liquid to flow backward through a narrow space against an external force, such as gravity. Capillary capacity is also very important for cell adhesion and cell self-seeding of scaffolds. SEM photos of SP3 and SP5 samples in three different States of SLM deposition, polishing and sandblasting Here, a Ti6Al4V microporous structure was designed and fabricated by SLM equipment with the aim of obtaining an implant with a suitable combination of elastic modulus, porosity, surface roughness, wettability and capillarity. Hydrophilic effect of SP4 samples in the as-deposited state Hydrophilic experiment results of sp5 sample in (a) polished state and (B) sandblasted state The time span of the capillary experiment and its corresponding height result Prototype of Ti6Al4V microporous hip implant fabricated in SLM Additive manufactured porous biomaterials targeting orthopedic implants: A suitable combination of mechanical,titanium round bar, physical and topological properties?Materials Science and Engineering: C?Volume 107, February 2020, 110342? https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msec.2019.110342 Return to Sohu to see more Responsible Editor:. yunchtitanium.com

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